МІСЦЕ СИМПАТО-АДРЕНАЛОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ В РОЗВИТКУ ЗАПАЛЕННЯ ТА СУЧАСНІ УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО МЕХАНІЗМИ ЇХ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ
Ключові слова:
запалення, симпатоадреналова система, імунітет, глюкокортикоїди, катехоламіни
Анотація
Резюме. Природньо, що будь-який контакт організму з чужорідним агентом вважається стресом. Таким чином, в процесі екзогенного або ендогенного стимулювання в кінцевому рахунку відбувається активація симпатоадреналової системи, основними дійовими компонентами якої є катехоламіни. Ключовим компонентом дії цих речовин є модуляція функції ядерного транскрипційного фактора і синтез прозапальних цитокінів. В даний час зростає інтерес до протизапальних властивостей /32-адреноміметиків. Так, на експериментальній моделі тимуса доводиться, що симпатоадреналова система може впливати на Т- лімфоцити не тільки завдяки прямому впливу на /32-адренорецептори Т-лімфоцитів, а й опосередковано: через вплив на 132-адренорецепторну систему епітеліальних клітин тимуса, за рахунок підвищення внутрішньоклітинного вмісту ц-АМФ. Активація симпатоадреналової системи, наприклад при гострому стресі, призводить до підвищення числа натуральних кілерів на периферії і зростання їх активності, токсичності, зниження проліферації Результат взаємодії симпатоадреналової та імунної систем багато в чому залежить від ступеня зрілості імунної системи в момент дії на неї адренергічного агента. Функція натуральних кілерів, так само як і інших клітин імунної системи, модулюється симпатичним відділом вегетативної нервової системи, при чому ця модуляція носить суворо специфічний характер. Адренергічні рецептори натуральних кілерів дуже чуйно реагують на зміни концентрації катехоламінів крові. Так, підвищення концентрації адреналіну викликає селективне зниження щільності а1- і /32-рецеп- торів, у той час як щільність а2-рецепторів не змінюється. Адекватні відповіді імунної системи можливі тільки в результаті фізіологічного стресу. У той час як тривала напруга гіпофіз-гіпоталамус-наднир- никової системи призводить до перекручення імунних функцій, аж до розвитку аутоімунних реакцій. Все вищесказане є чіткою вказівкою на залученість вегетативної нервової системи в патогенез ревматичних захворювань.
Ключові слова: запалення, симпато-адреналова система, імунітет, глюкокортикоїди, катехоламіни.
Посилання
1. Ader R. On the teaching of psychoneuroimmunology [editorial]. Brain. Behav. Immun., 1996: Dec; 10(4): 315-23.
2. Ader R; Cohen N; Felten D. Psychoneuroimmunology: interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. Lancet, 1995; Jan 14;345(8942): 99-103.
3. Astvatzatryan V.A., Ktzoyan L.A., Petrosyan R.A. T-lymphocyte adrenoceptor succeptibility to salbutamol and the level of periferial T-lymphocytes in children with FMF. Familial Mediterranean Fever. Second International conference. 3-7 May, 2000, Anthalya, Turkey, p. 78.
4. Bachen E.A., Manuck S.B., Cohen S. et al. Adrenergic blockade ameliorates cellular immune responses to mental stress in humans. Psychosom. Med., 1995; Jul — Aug; 57(4): 366 -72.
5. Baerwald C.G., Laufenberg M., Specht T. et all. Impaired sympathetic influence on the immune response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis due to lymphocyte sub set-specific modulation of ?2-adrenergic receptors.Br. J. Rheumatol., 1997 Dec; 36(12): 1262-9.
6. Benschop R.J., Schedlowski M., Wienecke H. et al. Adrenergic control of natural killer cell circulation and adhesion. Brain. Behav. Immun., 1997; Dec;ll(4): 321-32.
7. Benschop R.J., Jacobs R., Sommer B. et al. Modulation of the immunologic response to acute stress in humans by ? — blockade or benzodiazepines. FASEB J., 1996; Mar;10(4):517 -2468.
8. Bergamasco Re G., L., Badino P. et al. Canine dilated cardiomyopathy: lymphocyte and cardiac ?1- and ?-adrenoceptor concentrations in normal and affected great danes. Vet. J., 1999; Sep; 158(2): 120- 7.
9. Beutler, B. Innate immune responses to microbial poisons: discovery and function of the Tolllike receptors. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2003. 43: 609-28.
10. Beutler, B. and Rietschel E. T, Innate immune sensing and its roots: the story of endotoxin. Nat. Rev. Immunol., 2003, 3(2): 169-76.
11. Beutler, B. Science review: key inflammatory and stress pathways in critical illness — the central role of the Toll-like receptors.Crit. Care, 2003, 7(1): 39-46.
12. Bhati A.C., Aggarwal B.B. Nuclear factor—кВ and cancer: its role in prevention and therapy.Biochem.Pharmacol.,2002,Sep. 64(5- 6): 883-8.
13. Borgarelli M., Badino P, Bergamasco L. et al. Lymphocyte beta — adrenoceptor downregulation in great danes with occult dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and with DCM and heart failure. Vet. J. 1999; Sep; 158(2): 128-34.
14. Borger P., Hoekstra Y., Esselink M.T. et al. ?-adrenoceptor- mediated inhibition of IFN-gamma, IL-3, and GM-CSF mRNA accumulation in activated human T lymphocytes is solely mediated by the beta2-adrenoceptor subtype. Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol., 1998; Sep; 19(3): 400-7.
15. Buentke, E. and Scheynius A. Dendritic cells and fungi.
Apmis, 2003; 111 (7-8): 789-96.
16. Calls J., Cases A., Lario S., et al. ?-adrenergic receptor density and function in left ventricular hypertrophy in young essential hypertensives. J. Hum. Hypertens., 2000; Jan;14(l):17-21.
17. Chang H.R ., Chen S.S ., Chen T. J. et al. Lymphocyte ?2- adrenergic receptors and plasma catecholamine levels in lead- exposed workers. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 1996; Jul; 139(1): 1 — 5.
18. Chaya Venkatole. The NF-кВ pathway in immune response and cancer. CLL Topics, online publications, 6 August, 2003.
19. Cyhen S. et al.Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold.N.Engl.JMed.,1991,325, p.606-612.
20. Coqueret O., Lagente V. Effets des composes ?2-
adrenergiques sur la production d’lgE. Allerg. Медицинская наука Армении HAH PA №> З 2010 15 Immunol. (Paris), 1995; Dec; 27(10): 358-62.
21. Coqueret O., Reiter Eric and Lefkowitz Robert J. GRKs and ?- arrestins roles in receptor silencing, trafficking and signaling.Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, May 2006,Vol.l7, 4,p.341-350.
22. Dabbagh, K. and D. B. Lewis. Toll-like receptors and T-helper- l/T-helper-2 responses. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis., 2003, 16(3): 199-204.
23. Demarquay D., Lagente V. Role of cyclic AMP in the modulation of IgE production by the ?2-adrenoceptor agonist, fenoterol. Eur. Respir. J., 1996; Feb; 9(2):220-5.
24. Dzimiri N., Moorji A. Beta adrenoceptor density in patients with left — sided valvular regurgitation. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol., 1996; 10(6): 547-53.
25. Dzimiri N., Moorji A. Relationship between alterations in lymphocyte and myocardial betaadrenoceptor density in patients with left heart valvular disease. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 1996: Jun- Jul; 23(6-7): 498- 502.
26. Dzimiri N., Moorji A., Kumar M. et al. Comparison of the effect of left ventricular volume and pressure overload on beta — adrenoceptor density in left heart valvular disease. Int. J. Cardiol., 1996: Feb;53(2): 109-16.
27. Ehlers Marc and Jeffrey V. Ravetch. Opposing effects of Toll¬like receptor stimulation induce autoimmunity or tolerance. Trends in Immunology, 1 February 2007,Vol. 28, 2, p.74-79.
28. Elenkov I. et all. Modulatory effects of glucocorticoids and cathecholamines on human interleukin-12 and interleukin-10 production: clinical implications. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians, 1996, 12, p.297-307.
29. Fabris B., De-Biasi F, Fischetti. et al. Activity and number of lymphocyte ?2-adrenergic receptors after protracted treatment with mepindolol sulfate of patients with essential arterial hypertension . J. Clin. Med., 1990; Vol. 71, 11, p.639-644.
30. FitzGerald G.A., Robertson D., Wood A.J. Biphasic regulation of ?2-adrenoceptor density by epinephrine and norepinephrine infusion in man. Clin. Pharmacology Ther., 1982; Vol.31, P.225.
31. Fugner A. Inhibition of antigen — induced histamine release by ?-adrenergic stimulants in vivo. Int.Archs. Allergy, appl. Immunology, 1977, 54, p.78-87.
32. Gao H. et al.Identiflcation of beta-arrestins2 as a G protein- coupled receptor-stimulated regulator of NF-kB pathway,Mol.Cell., 2004, 14, p.303-317.
33. Gewirtz A. T. Intestinal epithelial toll-like receptors: to protect and serve? Curr. Pharm., Dec.2003, 9(1): 1-5.
34. Glaser R. et al. Stress-induced modulation of the immune response to recombinant hepatitis В vaccine. Psychosom.Med., 1992, 54, p.22-29.
35. Glaser R. et al. Evidence for a shift in the Th-1 and Th-2
cytokine response associated with chronic stress and aging.J.Gerontol.A.Biol.Sci.Med.Sci., 2001,56, M477-M482.
36. Gorelik G., Genaro A. M., Sterin-Borda L. et aLAntibodies bind and activate b adrenergic and cholinergic lymphocyte receptors in Chagas’ disease. Clinical immunol. and immunopathol., 1990;55(2):221-36.
37. Heesen M. Dietrich G.V., Boldt J. et al. ?2 — adrenoceptor density of human lymphocytes after nitroprusside-induced hypotension. Anesth. Analg., 1995 ; Dec; 81(6): 1250-4.
38. Herrick A.L. Pathogenesis of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Rheumatology (Oxford), 2005 May;44(5):587-96. Epub 2005 Mar 1.
39. Hidi R., Timmermans S., Liu E.et al. Phosphodiesterase and cyclic adenosine monophosphatedependent inhibition of T- lymphocyte chemotaxis. Eur. Respir. J., 2000; Feb; 15(2): 342-9.
40. Holen E., Elsayed S. Effects of ?2-adrenoceptor agonists on T-cell subpopulations. APMIS, 1998; Sep; 106(9): 849-57
41. Howard Peter H, Knox Alan J., Amrani Yassine et al. Synthetic responses in airway smooth muscle. Revue.Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. ISSN 0091-6749 CODEN JACIBY.
42. Jetschmann J.U., Benschop R.J., Jacobs R.et al. Expression and in-vivo modulation of ?- and ?-adrenoceptors on human natural killer (CD16+) cells. J. Neuroimmunol., 1997; Apr;74(l- 2): 159-64.
43. John Gever.Med.Page Today. ?2-receptor variants don’t affect LABA response in Asthma, Published: November 20, 2009.
44. Kaminski P, Skopinska-Rozewska E., Wasik M. et al. Granulocyte chemiluminescence activity, 16 Медицинская наука Армении HAH PA № 3 2010 antibody production and percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in peripheral blood of offspring of salbutamol — treated pregnant C3H mice. Pharmacol. Res., 2000; Jan;41(l):89-94.
45. Kaminski P., Skopinska — Rozewska E., Wasik M. et al. Thymus and lymph node cell CD4(+) and CD8(+) marker expression and their angiogenic activity of offspring of salbutamol-treated pregnant C3H mice. Pharmacol. Res., 2000; Jan;41(l): 95-9.
46. Kaminsky P., Skopinska R.E, Bany J. et al. The effect of salbutamol treatment on the cellular immunity of the offspring of pregnant mice: spleen cell activity. Drugs Exp. Clin. Res., 1998; 24(2) :77-83.
47. Kiecolt-Glaser JK. et all. Chronic stress alters the immune response to influenza virus vaccine in older adults. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA, 1996, 93, p.3043-3047.
48. Kozlik — Feldmann R. von Berg A., Berdel D. et al. Long¬term effects of formoterol and salbutamol on bronchial hyperreactivity and beta — adrenoceptor density on lymphocytes in children with bronchial asthma. Eur. J. Med .Res., 1996; Jul. 25;l(10):465-50.
49. Kurz B., Feindt J., von Gaudecker B. et al. ?-adrenoceptor- mediated effects in rat cultured thymic epithelial cells. Br. J. Pharmacol., 1997; Apr; 120(8): 1401-8.
50. Leposavic G., Plecas B., Kosec D. Differential effects of chronic propranolol treatment on the phenotypic profile of thymocytes from immature and adult rats. Immunopharmacology, 2000; Jan;46(l):79- 87.
51. Lyons P.D. Blalock J.E. The kinetics of ACTH expression in
rat leukocyte subpopulations. J.Neuroimmunol., 1995; Dec. 31;63(2): 103-12.
52. Marshall G.D.Jr. et al.Cytokine dysregulation associated with exam stress in healthy medical students. Brain Behav. Immunol., 1998, 12, p.297-307.
53. McKay L.I. and Cidlowski J.A. СВР (CREB binding protein) integrates Nf-KB (nuclear factorkB) and glucocorticoid receptor physical interactions and antagonism.Mol.Endocrinol.,2000, 14, p.1222-1234.
54. Middeke M., Reder S., Holzgreve H. Regulation of the ? - adrenoceptor cAMP — system during dynamic exercise in patients with primary hypertension after ? — blockade. Blood, Press., 1994: Vol.3, 3, p. 189-192.
55. Mohede I.C., Van Ark I., Brons F.M. et al. Salmeterol inhibits interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1996; Mar;18(3):193- 201.
56. O’Connor Willian, Harton JrJonathan, Xinsheng Zhu et al. Cutting Edge:CIASIl/Cryopyrin/PYPAFl/NALP3/CATERPILLERLl is an inducible inflammatory mediator with Nf-kB supressive properties.The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 6329-6333.
57. Oddera S., Silvestri M., Scarso L. et al. Salmeterol inhibits the allergen — induced mononuclear cell proliferation and downregulates GM — CSF release and HLA-DR expression by monocytes. Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther., 1997;10(l):43-9.
58. Roberts J.A., Bradding P, Britten K.M, et al. The long - acting b2-agonist salmeterol xinafoate: effects on airway inflammation in asthma. Eur. Respir. J., 1999; Aug; 14(2): 275-82.
59. Roland Veelken, Eva-Maria Vogel, Karl Hilgers Kerstin Amann et al. Autonomic Renal Denervation Ameliorates Experimental Glomerulonephritis. Published online ahead of print. Publication data available at www.jasn.org.
60. Rowczenio Derota M., Lachman Hellen J., Bybee Alison et al. How stress influences the immune response. Trends in Immunology, August 2003, Vol. 24, 8, p. 444-448.
61. Sanders VM. The role of adrenoceptor — mediated signals in the modulation of lymphocytes function. Adv. neuroimmunol., (5—3): 283-98.
62. Schedlowski M., Hosch W., Oberbeck R. et al. Catecholamines modulate human NK cell circulation and function via spleen — independent beta 2 — adrenergic mechanisms. J. Immunol., 1996; Jan. l;156(l):93-9.
63. Sheridan J.F., Dobbs C., Brown D., and Twilling B. Psychoneuroimmunology: stress effects on pathogenesis during infection.Clin.Microbiology Rev, 1994, April; 7(2): 200-212.
64. Stefano Guandalini Essential Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.McGrow-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York, Chicago, San-Francisco, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Mexico City, 2004, p.252. Медицинская наука Армении HAH PAN 3 2010 17
65. Sundertytter C. and Riemekasten G. Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of Raynaud’s phenomenon related to systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology, 2006 45(Supplement 3) :ііі33-ііі35; doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel280.
66. Tan K.S., Grove A., Cargill R.I. et al. B.J. Effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate and oral prednisolone on lymphocyte beta2- adrenoceptor function in asthmatic patients. Chest.,1996; Feb; 109(2): 343-7.
67. Tan K.S., McFarlane L.C., Lipworth B.J. Concomitant
administration of low — dose prednisolone protects against in vivo ?2- adrenoceptor sub sensitivity induced by regular formoterol. Chest, 1998; Jan;113(l):34-41.
68. Tegeder J., Niederberger E., Isral E. et al.Inhibition of NF-KB and AP-1 activation by R-and S- flurbiprofen.FASEB, J., 2001, Jan;15(l)2-4.
69. Van Tits L.J.H., Michel M.C., Grosse — Wilde H. et al. Catecholamines increase lymphocytes ?2—adrenergic receptors via ?2 —adrenergic, spleen- dependent process. Am. J. Physiol., 1990; 258, p. 191-202.
70. Wahle M, Kolker S, Krause A. et al. Impaired catecho- laminergic signalling of В lymphocytes in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases. Ann. Rheum Dis., 2001 May; 60(5): 505—510.
71. Wechsler M, et al. Effect of ?2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism on response to longacting ?2-agonist in asthma (LARGE trial): A genotype-stratified, randomised, placebo- controlled, crossover trial.Lancet ,2009; 374: 1754-64.
72. Weigent D.A. Blalock J.E. Production of peptide hormones
and neurotransmitters by the immune system. Chem. Immunology, 1997: 69:1-30.
73. Weigent D.A., Blalock J.E. Associations between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. J.Leu.Biol.,1995: Aug; 58(2): 137-50.
74. Werner C., Poller U., Brodde O.E. Chronic terbutaline treatment desensitizes beta-adrenergic inhibition of lymphocyte activation in healthy volunteers. J. Auton. Pharmacol., 1997; Aug; 17(4): 237-42.
75. Wu J.R., Chang H.R., Chen S.S., Huang T.Y. Circulating noradrenaline and ?-adrenergic receptors in children with congestive heart failure. Acta Paediatr., 1996; Aug; 85(8): 923-733.
76. Wu W.R., Zheng J.W., Li F.Y. et al. Involvement of mu — opioid receptors and a-adrenoceptors in the immunomodulatory effects of dihydroetorphine. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1998; Jul 17;353(l):79-85.
77. Yamada S., Ohkura T, Uchida S. et al. A sustained increase in beta-adrenoceptors during longterm therapy with metoprolol and bisoprolol in patients with heart failure from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Life Sci., 1996; 58(20): 1737-44.
78. Yoshikawa T, Handa S., Anzai T. et al. Early reduction of neurohumoral factors plays a key role in mediating the efficacy of ?- blocker therapy for congestive heart failure. Am. Heart J., 1996 Feb; 131 (2): 329-36.
79. Yoshimura T, Nagao T, Nakao T. et al. Modulation of Thl - and Th2 — like cytokine production from mitogen — stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Gen. Pharmacol., 1998; Feb;30(2): 175-80.
80. Аствацатрян B.A., Кцоян Л.А., Петросян P.A., Клинические параллели нейро-иммунных взаимоотношений при периодической болезни у детей.Тезисы XI научно-практической конференции детских врачей г. Еревана, 17-18 октября 1995. - С. 34.
81. Геворкян Э.М. Неврологические аспекты ПБ. Автореф. дис... докт. мед. наук, Ереван, 1973.
82. Нерсисян А.А., Даниелян КГ. Периодическая болезнь с явлениями психической соматизации. // Независимый психиатрический журнал. - 2007, N 1. - С. 34-36.
83. Чазов Е. И., Парфенова Е.В., Красникова Т.Л. и др. Периферические адренорецепторы при артериальной гипертонии.- Терапевтический архив. - 1999. № 11. - С.71-76.
2. Ader R; Cohen N; Felten D. Psychoneuroimmunology: interactions between the nervous system and the immune system. Lancet, 1995; Jan 14;345(8942): 99-103.
3. Astvatzatryan V.A., Ktzoyan L.A., Petrosyan R.A. T-lymphocyte adrenoceptor succeptibility to salbutamol and the level of periferial T-lymphocytes in children with FMF. Familial Mediterranean Fever. Second International conference. 3-7 May, 2000, Anthalya, Turkey, p. 78.
4. Bachen E.A., Manuck S.B., Cohen S. et al. Adrenergic blockade ameliorates cellular immune responses to mental stress in humans. Psychosom. Med., 1995; Jul — Aug; 57(4): 366 -72.
5. Baerwald C.G., Laufenberg M., Specht T. et all. Impaired sympathetic influence on the immune response in patients with rheumatoid arthritis due to lymphocyte sub set-specific modulation of ?2-adrenergic receptors.Br. J. Rheumatol., 1997 Dec; 36(12): 1262-9.
6. Benschop R.J., Schedlowski M., Wienecke H. et al. Adrenergic control of natural killer cell circulation and adhesion. Brain. Behav. Immun., 1997; Dec;ll(4): 321-32.
7. Benschop R.J., Jacobs R., Sommer B. et al. Modulation of the immunologic response to acute stress in humans by ? — blockade or benzodiazepines. FASEB J., 1996; Mar;10(4):517 -2468.
8. Bergamasco Re G., L., Badino P. et al. Canine dilated cardiomyopathy: lymphocyte and cardiac ?1- and ?-adrenoceptor concentrations in normal and affected great danes. Vet. J., 1999; Sep; 158(2): 120- 7.
9. Beutler, B. Innate immune responses to microbial poisons: discovery and function of the Tolllike receptors. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol., 2003. 43: 609-28.
10. Beutler, B. and Rietschel E. T, Innate immune sensing and its roots: the story of endotoxin. Nat. Rev. Immunol., 2003, 3(2): 169-76.
11. Beutler, B. Science review: key inflammatory and stress pathways in critical illness — the central role of the Toll-like receptors.Crit. Care, 2003, 7(1): 39-46.
12. Bhati A.C., Aggarwal B.B. Nuclear factor—кВ and cancer: its role in prevention and therapy.Biochem.Pharmacol.,2002,Sep. 64(5- 6): 883-8.
13. Borgarelli M., Badino P, Bergamasco L. et al. Lymphocyte beta — adrenoceptor downregulation in great danes with occult dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and with DCM and heart failure. Vet. J. 1999; Sep; 158(2): 128-34.
14. Borger P., Hoekstra Y., Esselink M.T. et al. ?-adrenoceptor- mediated inhibition of IFN-gamma, IL-3, and GM-CSF mRNA accumulation in activated human T lymphocytes is solely mediated by the beta2-adrenoceptor subtype. Am. J. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol., 1998; Sep; 19(3): 400-7.
15. Buentke, E. and Scheynius A. Dendritic cells and fungi.
Apmis, 2003; 111 (7-8): 789-96.
16. Calls J., Cases A., Lario S., et al. ?-adrenergic receptor density and function in left ventricular hypertrophy in young essential hypertensives. J. Hum. Hypertens., 2000; Jan;14(l):17-21.
17. Chang H.R ., Chen S.S ., Chen T. J. et al. Lymphocyte ?2- adrenergic receptors and plasma catecholamine levels in lead- exposed workers. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 1996; Jul; 139(1): 1 — 5.
18. Chaya Venkatole. The NF-кВ pathway in immune response and cancer. CLL Topics, online publications, 6 August, 2003.
19. Cyhen S. et al.Psychological stress and susceptibility to the common cold.N.Engl.JMed.,1991,325, p.606-612.
20. Coqueret O., Lagente V. Effets des composes ?2-
adrenergiques sur la production d’lgE. Allerg. Медицинская наука Армении HAH PA №> З 2010 15 Immunol. (Paris), 1995; Dec; 27(10): 358-62.
21. Coqueret O., Reiter Eric and Lefkowitz Robert J. GRKs and ?- arrestins roles in receptor silencing, trafficking and signaling.Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, May 2006,Vol.l7, 4,p.341-350.
22. Dabbagh, K. and D. B. Lewis. Toll-like receptors and T-helper- l/T-helper-2 responses. Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis., 2003, 16(3): 199-204.
23. Demarquay D., Lagente V. Role of cyclic AMP in the modulation of IgE production by the ?2-adrenoceptor agonist, fenoterol. Eur. Respir. J., 1996; Feb; 9(2):220-5.
24. Dzimiri N., Moorji A. Beta adrenoceptor density in patients with left — sided valvular regurgitation. Fundam. Clin. Pharmacol., 1996; 10(6): 547-53.
25. Dzimiri N., Moorji A. Relationship between alterations in lymphocyte and myocardial betaadrenoceptor density in patients with left heart valvular disease. Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 1996: Jun- Jul; 23(6-7): 498- 502.
26. Dzimiri N., Moorji A., Kumar M. et al. Comparison of the effect of left ventricular volume and pressure overload on beta — adrenoceptor density in left heart valvular disease. Int. J. Cardiol., 1996: Feb;53(2): 109-16.
27. Ehlers Marc and Jeffrey V. Ravetch. Opposing effects of Toll¬like receptor stimulation induce autoimmunity or tolerance. Trends in Immunology, 1 February 2007,Vol. 28, 2, p.74-79.
28. Elenkov I. et all. Modulatory effects of glucocorticoids and cathecholamines on human interleukin-12 and interleukin-10 production: clinical implications. Proc. Assoc. Am. Physicians, 1996, 12, p.297-307.
29. Fabris B., De-Biasi F, Fischetti. et al. Activity and number of lymphocyte ?2-adrenergic receptors after protracted treatment with mepindolol sulfate of patients with essential arterial hypertension . J. Clin. Med., 1990; Vol. 71, 11, p.639-644.
30. FitzGerald G.A., Robertson D., Wood A.J. Biphasic regulation of ?2-adrenoceptor density by epinephrine and norepinephrine infusion in man. Clin. Pharmacology Ther., 1982; Vol.31, P.225.
31. Fugner A. Inhibition of antigen — induced histamine release by ?-adrenergic stimulants in vivo. Int.Archs. Allergy, appl. Immunology, 1977, 54, p.78-87.
32. Gao H. et al.Identiflcation of beta-arrestins2 as a G protein- coupled receptor-stimulated regulator of NF-kB pathway,Mol.Cell., 2004, 14, p.303-317.
33. Gewirtz A. T. Intestinal epithelial toll-like receptors: to protect and serve? Curr. Pharm., Dec.2003, 9(1): 1-5.
34. Glaser R. et al. Stress-induced modulation of the immune response to recombinant hepatitis В vaccine. Psychosom.Med., 1992, 54, p.22-29.
35. Glaser R. et al. Evidence for a shift in the Th-1 and Th-2
cytokine response associated with chronic stress and aging.J.Gerontol.A.Biol.Sci.Med.Sci., 2001,56, M477-M482.
36. Gorelik G., Genaro A. M., Sterin-Borda L. et aLAntibodies bind and activate b adrenergic and cholinergic lymphocyte receptors in Chagas’ disease. Clinical immunol. and immunopathol., 1990;55(2):221-36.
37. Heesen M. Dietrich G.V., Boldt J. et al. ?2 — adrenoceptor density of human lymphocytes after nitroprusside-induced hypotension. Anesth. Analg., 1995 ; Dec; 81(6): 1250-4.
38. Herrick A.L. Pathogenesis of Raynaud’s phenomenon. Rheumatology (Oxford), 2005 May;44(5):587-96. Epub 2005 Mar 1.
39. Hidi R., Timmermans S., Liu E.et al. Phosphodiesterase and cyclic adenosine monophosphatedependent inhibition of T- lymphocyte chemotaxis. Eur. Respir. J., 2000; Feb; 15(2): 342-9.
40. Holen E., Elsayed S. Effects of ?2-adrenoceptor agonists on T-cell subpopulations. APMIS, 1998; Sep; 106(9): 849-57
41. Howard Peter H, Knox Alan J., Amrani Yassine et al. Synthetic responses in airway smooth muscle. Revue.Journal of allergy and clinical immunology. ISSN 0091-6749 CODEN JACIBY.
42. Jetschmann J.U., Benschop R.J., Jacobs R.et al. Expression and in-vivo modulation of ?- and ?-adrenoceptors on human natural killer (CD16+) cells. J. Neuroimmunol., 1997; Apr;74(l- 2): 159-64.
43. John Gever.Med.Page Today. ?2-receptor variants don’t affect LABA response in Asthma, Published: November 20, 2009.
44. Kaminski P, Skopinska-Rozewska E., Wasik M. et al. Granulocyte chemiluminescence activity, 16 Медицинская наука Армении HAH PA № 3 2010 antibody production and percentage of CD4(+) and CD8(+) lymphocytes in peripheral blood of offspring of salbutamol — treated pregnant C3H mice. Pharmacol. Res., 2000; Jan;41(l):89-94.
45. Kaminski P., Skopinska — Rozewska E., Wasik M. et al. Thymus and lymph node cell CD4(+) and CD8(+) marker expression and their angiogenic activity of offspring of salbutamol-treated pregnant C3H mice. Pharmacol. Res., 2000; Jan;41(l): 95-9.
46. Kaminsky P., Skopinska R.E, Bany J. et al. The effect of salbutamol treatment on the cellular immunity of the offspring of pregnant mice: spleen cell activity. Drugs Exp. Clin. Res., 1998; 24(2) :77-83.
47. Kiecolt-Glaser JK. et all. Chronic stress alters the immune response to influenza virus vaccine in older adults. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci.USA, 1996, 93, p.3043-3047.
48. Kozlik — Feldmann R. von Berg A., Berdel D. et al. Long¬term effects of formoterol and salbutamol on bronchial hyperreactivity and beta — adrenoceptor density on lymphocytes in children with bronchial asthma. Eur. J. Med .Res., 1996; Jul. 25;l(10):465-50.
49. Kurz B., Feindt J., von Gaudecker B. et al. ?-adrenoceptor- mediated effects in rat cultured thymic epithelial cells. Br. J. Pharmacol., 1997; Apr; 120(8): 1401-8.
50. Leposavic G., Plecas B., Kosec D. Differential effects of chronic propranolol treatment on the phenotypic profile of thymocytes from immature and adult rats. Immunopharmacology, 2000; Jan;46(l):79- 87.
51. Lyons P.D. Blalock J.E. The kinetics of ACTH expression in
rat leukocyte subpopulations. J.Neuroimmunol., 1995; Dec. 31;63(2): 103-12.
52. Marshall G.D.Jr. et al.Cytokine dysregulation associated with exam stress in healthy medical students. Brain Behav. Immunol., 1998, 12, p.297-307.
53. McKay L.I. and Cidlowski J.A. СВР (CREB binding protein) integrates Nf-KB (nuclear factorkB) and glucocorticoid receptor physical interactions and antagonism.Mol.Endocrinol.,2000, 14, p.1222-1234.
54. Middeke M., Reder S., Holzgreve H. Regulation of the ? - adrenoceptor cAMP — system during dynamic exercise in patients with primary hypertension after ? — blockade. Blood, Press., 1994: Vol.3, 3, p. 189-192.
55. Mohede I.C., Van Ark I., Brons F.M. et al. Salmeterol inhibits interferon-gamma and interleukin-4 production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Int. J. Immunopharmacol., 1996; Mar;18(3):193- 201.
56. O’Connor Willian, Harton JrJonathan, Xinsheng Zhu et al. Cutting Edge:CIASIl/Cryopyrin/PYPAFl/NALP3/CATERPILLERLl is an inducible inflammatory mediator with Nf-kB supressive properties.The Journal of Immunology, 2003, 171: 6329-6333.
57. Oddera S., Silvestri M., Scarso L. et al. Salmeterol inhibits the allergen — induced mononuclear cell proliferation and downregulates GM — CSF release and HLA-DR expression by monocytes. Pulm. Pharmacol. Ther., 1997;10(l):43-9.
58. Roberts J.A., Bradding P, Britten K.M, et al. The long - acting b2-agonist salmeterol xinafoate: effects on airway inflammation in asthma. Eur. Respir. J., 1999; Aug; 14(2): 275-82.
59. Roland Veelken, Eva-Maria Vogel, Karl Hilgers Kerstin Amann et al. Autonomic Renal Denervation Ameliorates Experimental Glomerulonephritis. Published online ahead of print. Publication data available at www.jasn.org.
60. Rowczenio Derota M., Lachman Hellen J., Bybee Alison et al. How stress influences the immune response. Trends in Immunology, August 2003, Vol. 24, 8, p. 444-448.
61. Sanders VM. The role of adrenoceptor — mediated signals in the modulation of lymphocytes function. Adv. neuroimmunol., (5—3): 283-98.
62. Schedlowski M., Hosch W., Oberbeck R. et al. Catecholamines modulate human NK cell circulation and function via spleen — independent beta 2 — adrenergic mechanisms. J. Immunol., 1996; Jan. l;156(l):93-9.
63. Sheridan J.F., Dobbs C., Brown D., and Twilling B. Psychoneuroimmunology: stress effects on pathogenesis during infection.Clin.Microbiology Rev, 1994, April; 7(2): 200-212.
64. Stefano Guandalini Essential Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition.McGrow-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New York, Chicago, San-Francisco, Lisbon, London, Madrid, Mexico City, 2004, p.252. Медицинская наука Армении HAH PAN 3 2010 17
65. Sundertytter C. and Riemekasten G. Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of Raynaud’s phenomenon related to systemic sclerosis. Rheumatology, 2006 45(Supplement 3) :ііі33-ііі35; doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel280.
66. Tan K.S., Grove A., Cargill R.I. et al. B.J. Effects of inhaled fluticasone propionate and oral prednisolone on lymphocyte beta2- adrenoceptor function in asthmatic patients. Chest.,1996; Feb; 109(2): 343-7.
67. Tan K.S., McFarlane L.C., Lipworth B.J. Concomitant
administration of low — dose prednisolone protects against in vivo ?2- adrenoceptor sub sensitivity induced by regular formoterol. Chest, 1998; Jan;113(l):34-41.
68. Tegeder J., Niederberger E., Isral E. et al.Inhibition of NF-KB and AP-1 activation by R-and S- flurbiprofen.FASEB, J., 2001, Jan;15(l)2-4.
69. Van Tits L.J.H., Michel M.C., Grosse — Wilde H. et al. Catecholamines increase lymphocytes ?2—adrenergic receptors via ?2 —adrenergic, spleen- dependent process. Am. J. Physiol., 1990; 258, p. 191-202.
70. Wahle M, Kolker S, Krause A. et al. Impaired catecho- laminergic signalling of В lymphocytes in patients with chronic rheumatic diseases. Ann. Rheum Dis., 2001 May; 60(5): 505—510.
71. Wechsler M, et al. Effect of ?2-adrenergic receptor polymorphism on response to longacting ?2-agonist in asthma (LARGE trial): A genotype-stratified, randomised, placebo- controlled, crossover trial.Lancet ,2009; 374: 1754-64.
72. Weigent D.A. Blalock J.E. Production of peptide hormones
and neurotransmitters by the immune system. Chem. Immunology, 1997: 69:1-30.
73. Weigent D.A., Blalock J.E. Associations between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. J.Leu.Biol.,1995: Aug; 58(2): 137-50.
74. Werner C., Poller U., Brodde O.E. Chronic terbutaline treatment desensitizes beta-adrenergic inhibition of lymphocyte activation in healthy volunteers. J. Auton. Pharmacol., 1997; Aug; 17(4): 237-42.
75. Wu J.R., Chang H.R., Chen S.S., Huang T.Y. Circulating noradrenaline and ?-adrenergic receptors in children with congestive heart failure. Acta Paediatr., 1996; Aug; 85(8): 923-733.
76. Wu W.R., Zheng J.W., Li F.Y. et al. Involvement of mu — opioid receptors and a-adrenoceptors in the immunomodulatory effects of dihydroetorphine. Eur. J. Pharmacol., 1998; Jul 17;353(l):79-85.
77. Yamada S., Ohkura T, Uchida S. et al. A sustained increase in beta-adrenoceptors during longterm therapy with metoprolol and bisoprolol in patients with heart failure from idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. Life Sci., 1996; 58(20): 1737-44.
78. Yoshikawa T, Handa S., Anzai T. et al. Early reduction of neurohumoral factors plays a key role in mediating the efficacy of ?- blocker therapy for congestive heart failure. Am. Heart J., 1996 Feb; 131 (2): 329-36.
79. Yoshimura T, Nagao T, Nakao T. et al. Modulation of Thl - and Th2 — like cytokine production from mitogen — stimulated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells by phosphodiesterase inhibitors. Gen. Pharmacol., 1998; Feb;30(2): 175-80.
80. Аствацатрян B.A., Кцоян Л.А., Петросян P.A., Клинические параллели нейро-иммунных взаимоотношений при периодической болезни у детей.Тезисы XI научно-практической конференции детских врачей г. Еревана, 17-18 октября 1995. - С. 34.
81. Геворкян Э.М. Неврологические аспекты ПБ. Автореф. дис... докт. мед. наук, Ереван, 1973.
82. Нерсисян А.А., Даниелян КГ. Периодическая болезнь с явлениями психической соматизации. // Независимый психиатрический журнал. - 2007, N 1. - С. 34-36.
83. Чазов Е. И., Парфенова Е.В., Красникова Т.Л. и др. Периферические адренорецепторы при артериальной гипертонии.- Терапевтический архив. - 1999. № 11. - С.71-76.
Опубліковано
2015-09-24
Як цитувати
Павловський , С., Свінціцький , А., & Тараненко , М. (2015). МІСЦЕ СИМПАТО-АДРЕНАЛОВОЇ СИСТЕМИ В РОЗВИТКУ ЗАПАЛЕННЯ ТА СУЧАСНІ УЯВЛЕННЯ ПРО МЕХАНІЗМИ ЇХ ВЗАЄМОДІЇ. Український науково-медичний молодіжний журнал, 3(89), 108-115. вилучено із http://mmj.nmuofficial.com/index.php/journal/article/view/239
Розділ
Медицина
