ІСТОРИЧНІ АСПЕКТИ ВИВЧЕННЯ ДЕЯКИХ ВИКОПНИХ ЧЕРЕПІВ

Анотація

Summary. The article describes the main historical aspects of the study of fossil human skulls, which traced their configuration and significant deviations from the norm. The measurement of the main dimensions of the skull, namely, the maximum width and maximum length allows describing several main types of cranium, such as brahi-, meso and dolichocrania. Any of the fossil skulls, which describe in the article below, are not a normal in size. The importance of studying the characteristics of the skull bones is undeniable. It is believed that just one skull can determine ethnicity and race of the individual. Moreover, the development of cranial bones is specified brain develop­ment. Congenital deformities of the skull are possible to make a conclusion about the mental abilities of the person.

Discussions on the artificial changes in the shape of the skull are not scientifically justified. Therefore, all of the fossil materials with visible signs of deformations are of particular interest from the point of view of medicine, as indicate the presence of obvious malformations of previous generations. Also, abnormal variation forms of the skull bones - is not only a trace of disease, but also a certain number of medical procedures. This makes a great interest for the history of medicine. Due to their appearance, such skulls attracted the attention of specialists and have an interest in the wider population.

The deformations of the skull are not uncommon for today. There are various bone abnormalities of the head. However, understanding the historical aspects of these abnormalities can help to find a way to cure it.